Books 22 and 24 of the iliad

The iliad has been divided into the following sections. Homers epic poem the iliad tells the story of the trojan war and the epic heroes and gods. Achilles routs the trojans and splits their ranks, pursuing half of them into the river known to the gods as xanthus and to the mortals as. The poem is commonly dated to the 8th or 7th century bc, and many scholars believe it is the oldest extant work of literature in the greek language, making it the first work of european literature. Last class, students identified achilles as someone controlled by his anger, not reason. Charles simmons, the metamorphoses of ovid, books xiii and xiv. These funeral games are very revealing in terms of the character of each of the greek. What are the main differences between achilles and hector in book 22. Iliad frontispiece of homers the iliad, translated by john ogilby, 1660. Agamemnons rejection of chryses in book i leads to all of the events of the iliad.

The battle between hektor and achilles brings about a reconsideration of two ideas that have been implicit throughout the iliad. The point is, now that you know what the things are, its high time we jumped into the middle of them. Hektor loses his courage and flees, running around the city three times. The iliadbook 22 the boxes and the by homer questions at. If you would like to check your knowledge of book 22 from the iliad, use the quizworksheet combo. Homers epic poem the iliad tells the story of the trojan war and the epic heroes and gods, including achilles, hector, odysseus, athena, ares, paris. This is one of the few times when this happens, and it is interesting that hektor says it out of excitement wanting the moment to last forever instead of despair at a moment passing. The focus of the short quiz primarily concerns the plot of book 22. Can you identify different episodes or passages that reflect on suffering in ways that are similar or different. Pdf downloads of all 1296 litcharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Achilles singlehandedly splits the trojan forces, driving one half towards the city and one half into the river.

Rage goddess, sing the rage of peleus son achilles, murderous, doomed, that cost the achaeans countless losses hurling down to the house of death so many sturdy souls, great fighters souls, but made their bodies carrion feats for the dogs and birds and the will of zeus was moving towards its end. I read both books aloud to my 10 year old, 7 year old, and 4 year old sons, and we all enjoyed them. Homer, iliad book 22 theoi classical texts library. Homer, iliad book 24 theoi classical texts library. These free notes consist of about 101 pages 30,062 words and. Achilles pursues him thrice round the walls of troy. Quite a few comments have been posted about the iliad. Books sixteen to twentytwo all quotations from the iliad are from the translation of richmond lattimore, university of chicago press, 1951like book nine, book sixteen marks a crucial turning point in the iliad.

The help of the gods motherly love apollo attacks later on, priam stayed the night behind achilles hut. Murray 1 then was the gathering broken up, and the folk scattered, each man to go to his own ship. Hector consults within himself what measures to take. Priam, overlooking the battlefield from the trojan ramparts, begs him to come inside, but hector, having given the overconfident order for the trojans to camp outside their gates the night before, now feels too ashamed to join them in their retreat. Up to this point achilles has been stuck in anger fed by grief. Book 22 hector now stands as the only trojan left outside troy.

In the lesson outlined below, students engage in independent reading and reader response for the iliad books 22 and 24. Achilles continues in his mourning of patroclus and abuse of the body of hector. It takes the trojan war as its subject, though the greek warrior achilles is its primary focus. Achilles kindness to priam in book xxiv ends the warriors wrath and. Kline after he slays hector in book 22, achilles prepares patroclus ceremonial funeral. Apollo reveals himself as a god to achilles, letting. When the greeks burn patroclus body, they also hold elaborate athletic contests, a custom in funeral services for distinguished men book 23. Set during the trojan war, the tenyear siege of the city of troy ilium by a coalition of greek states, it tells of the battles and events during the. The eloquent and dramatic epic poem captures the terrible anger of achilles, the best of the achaeans, over a grave insult to his personal honor and relates its tragic result. Murray 1 so they throughout the city, huddled in rout like fawns, were cooling their sweat and drinking and quenching their thirst, as they rested on the fair battlements. In our study of books 18, 22, and 24 of the iliad, we focus on how achilles anger drives his actions. Many people have noted connections between the last book and the first because both involve a father seeking the return of a child. How, specifically, does the iliad comment on human suffering.

Hermes appeared and grabbed priam and his sons dead corpse and. Both his mother and his father attempt to convince him to come inside the walls. The iliad ends with the burial of hektor to emphasize the moral redemption. Iliad, epic poem in 24 books traditionally attributed to the ancient greek poet homer. Since students have the context of the iliad and need time to process the complex language of the excerpts, they are reading the excerpts from the iliad. The rest bethought them of supper and of sweet sleep, to take their fill thereof. Hera sends a mist to confuse and slow the retreat of the men going back towards the city. Achilles follows the trojans into the river, hacking them to pieces with his sword. Some of the competitions, however, especially the chariot race, provide some drama, but none of the events of book 24 hinge on their outcome. Book i 47k book ii 63k book iii 36k book iv 42k book v 66k book vi 42k book. Book 24 is a portrait of grief, from anger to compassion. The quarrel between achilles and agamemnon in book 1 of homers iliad sets in motion a.

Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The free the iliad notes include comprehensive information and analysis to help you understand the book. Without the help of achilles the greeks forces are annihilated by the trojans led by their greatest warrior hector, the son of the trojan king, priam. Ultimately, the games function for the reader much as they do for the characters as a diversion from grief. Check out our revolutionary side byside summary and analysis. Accordingly, they serve little purpose in the storys plot. Hector remains outside of the scaean gates, barring the way into troy. Look at the interaction between priam and hektor at the beginning of book 22. Hektor can escape behind the walls of the city, face achilleus unarmed while offering gifts, or stand up to fight him. The first scene of the iliad finds chryses, the priest of apollo god of the sun and a whole lot of other stuff, approaching the achaian camp to ask for his daughter back. Here is a new loeb classical library edition of homers stirring heroic account of the trojan war and its passions. The iliad, together with the odyssey, is one of two ancient greek epic poems traditionally attributed to homer. The games at patrocluss funeral serve primarily as a buffer between two climactic eventsthe death of hector and his burial. The trojans, having fled like a herd of frightened deer, now leant on the battlements around the city, drying the sweat from their bodies, and quenching their thirst, as the greeks approached the wall, their shields at the slope.